Virginia topographic map

Agriculture and forestry are major industries. Agriculture includes dryland and irrigated farming and livestock grazing. Livestock are frequently moved between high-elevation summer pastures and low-elevation winter pastures, a practice known as transhumance.

Average elevation: 2,292 m

The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers is just north-west of Downtown Columbus. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metropolitan area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. Columbus is considered to have relatively flat topography thanks to a large glacier that…

Average elevation: 255 m

The Mount St. Helens major eruption of May 18, 1980 remains the deadliest and most economically destructive volcanic event in U.S. history. Fifty-seven people were killed; 200 homes, 47 bridges, 15 miles (24 km) of railways, and 185 miles (298 km) of highway were destroyed. A massive debris avalanche,…

Average elevation: 2,096 m

Baltimore is in north-central Maryland on the Patapsco River close to where it empties into the Chesapeake Bay. The city is also located on the fall line between the Piedmont Plateau and the Atlantic coastal plain, which divides Baltimore into "lower city" and "upper city". The city's elevation ranges from sea…

Average elevation: 65 m

Atlanta (/ætˈlæntə/ at-LAN-tə) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia. With a population of 498,715 living within the city limits, it is the eighth most populous city in the Southeast and 38th most populous…

Average elevation: 285 m

The Appalachian Mountains (French: Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern to northeastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. They once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky…

Average elevation: 1,463 m

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Average elevation: 98 m

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Average elevation: 3,888 m

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Average elevation: 496 m

The Black Hills is an isolated mountain range rising from the Great Plains of North America in western South Dakota and extending into Wyoming, United States. Black Elk Peak, which rises to 7,242 feet (2,207 m), is the range's highest summit. The name of the range in Lakota is Pahá Sápa. It encompasses the…

Average elevation: 1,894 m

Lakewood is located at 39°42′17″N 105°04′53″W / 39.70472°N 105.08139°W / 39.70472; -105.08139 at an elevation of 5,518 feet (1,682 m). Located at the junction of U.S. Route 6 and Colorado State Highway 121 in central Colorado, the city lies immediately west of Denver and 62 miles (100 km)…

Average elevation: 1,717 m

Average elevation: 263 m

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.1 square miles (16 km2), of which 6.1 square miles (16 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) (0.49%) is water. The elevation is about 100 feet (30 m), combined with an inland location, creates more temperature variation in the…

Average elevation: 19 m

Average elevation: 117 m

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Average elevation: 269 m

Anna Maria Island features a flat, sandy topography typical of a barrier island on the Gulf Coast. With an average elevation of around 15 feet above sea level, the terrain includes broad beaches, low dunes, and narrow stretches of sandy soil, making it highly vulnerable to storm surges and tidal flooding. The…

Average elevation: 2 m

Average elevation: 126 m

Average elevation: 180 m

Average elevation: 4 m

Mauna Loa is the largest subaerial and second largest overall volcano in the world (behind Tamu Massif), covering a land area of 5,271 km2 (2,035 sq mi) and spans a maximum width of 120 km (75 mi). Consisting of approximately 65,000 to 80,000 km3 (15,600 to 19,200 cu mi) of solid rock, it makes up more than…

Average elevation: 4,037 m

The San Francisco Bay Area is characterized by a diverse and dynamic topography shaped by geological processes over millions of years. This region features a combination of coastal plains, steep hills, and rugged mountains, all influenced by the tectonic activity associated with the nearby San Andreas Fault…

Average elevation: 113 m

Average elevation: 1,758 m

Average elevation: 302 m

Average elevation: 144 m

The Black Hills is an isolated mountain range rising from the Great Plains of North America in western South Dakota and extending into Wyoming, United States. Black Elk Peak, which rises to 7,242 feet (2,207 m), is the range's highest summit. The name of the range in Lakota is Pahá Sápa. It encompasses the…

Average elevation: 1,894 m

Average elevation: 1,796 m

Uplift associated with mountain formation later moved these sediments thousands of feet upward and created the Colorado Plateau. The higher elevation has also resulted in greater precipitation in the Colorado River drainage area, but not enough to change the Grand Canyon area from being semi-arid. The uplift…

Average elevation: 1,023 m

Timberline Lodge is a National Historic Landmark located on the southern flank of Mount Hood just below Palmer Glacier, with an elevation of about 6,000 ft (1,800 m).

Average elevation: 2,716 m

Average elevation: 521 m

Mauna Kea (/ˌmaʊnə ˈkeɪə/; Hawaiian: [ˈmɐwnə ˈkɛjə]; abbreviation for Mauna a Wākea) is a dormant volcano on the island of Hawaiʻi. Its peak is 4,207.3 m (13,803 ft) above sea level, making it the highest point in the state of Hawaiʻi and second-highest peak of an island on Earth. The peak is…

Average elevation: 3,978 m

In the 1860s, San Franciscans began to feel the need for a spacious public park similar to Central Park, which was then taking shape in New York City. Golden Gate Park was carved out of unpromising sand and shore dunes that were known as the Outside Lands, in an unincorporated area west of San Francisco's…

Average elevation: 71 m

Average elevation: 824 m

Soils on Pikes Peak above the timberline (approximately 12,000 ft or 3,700 m) are classified as Cirque land. Forests at lower altitudes mostly lie over the brown stony, sandy, loams of the Catamount loam or Ivywild loam series.

Average elevation: 3,902 m

Average elevation: 0 m

Oakhurst is located on the Fresno River 3 miles (5 km) south-southwest of Yosemite Forks, at an elevation of 2,274 feet (693 m). Its coordinates are 37°19′41″N 119°38′58″W / 37.32806°N 119.64944°W / 37.32806; -119.64944. It is located at the junction of state highways 41 and 49, at the…

Average elevation: 837 m

The topography of the sea floor surrounding Crescent City has the effect of focusing tsunamis. According to researchers at Humboldt State University and the University of Southern California, the city experienced tsunami conditions 31 times between the years 1933 and 2008. Although many of these incidents were…

Average elevation: 31 m

Although the term "Blue Ridge" is sometimes applied exclusively to the eastern edge or front range of the Appalachian Mountains, the geological definition of the Blue Ridge province extends westward to the Ridge and Valley area, encompassing the Great Smoky Mountains, the Great Balsams, the Roans, the Blacks,…

Average elevation: 460 m

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 497 square miles (1,290 km2), of which 249 square miles (640 km2) is land and 248 square miles (640 km2) (49.9%) is water. It is the largest city in Virginia by total area and third-largest city land area. The average elevation is 12…

Average elevation: 2 m

Average elevation: 192 m

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Average elevation: 279 m

Average elevation: 255 m

Average elevation: 1,337 m

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Average elevation: 989 m

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Average elevation: 18 m

Arnoldsburg (also Arnoldsburgh) is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, West Virginia, United States. It lies along U.S. Route 33 at the point where West Virginia Route 16 heads southward; it is several miles south of the county seat of Grantsville. Its elevation is 738 feet (225 m). The West Fork…

Average elevation: 287 m

Average elevation: 314 m

Average elevation: 52 m

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Average elevation: 2,098 m

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Average elevation: 67 m

Average elevation: 609 m

Average elevation: 1,547 m

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Average elevation: 173 m

Average elevation: 40 m

Average elevation: 5 m

Average elevation: 109 m

Boston has an area of 89.63 sq mi (232.1 km2)—48.4 sq mi (125.4 km2) (54%) of land and41.2 sq mi (106.7 km2) (46%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 ft (100 m) above sea…

Average elevation: 26 m

The city is in the Salt River Valley, or the "Valley of the Sun," in the northern reaches of the Sonoran Desert. Scottsdale, 31 mi (50 km) long and 11.4 mi (18.3 km) wide at its widest point, shares boundaries with many other municipalities and entities. On the west, Scottsdale is bordered by Phoenix, Paradise…

Average elevation: 414 m

Highlands was founded in 1875 after its two founders, Samuel Truman Kelsey and Clinton Carter Hutchinson, drew lines from Chicago to Savannah and from New Orleans to New York City. They felt that the place where these lines met would eventually become a great trading center and commercial crossroads. Highlands…

Average elevation: 1,090 m

The climate in San Diego, like most of Southern California, often varies significantly over short geographical distances, resulting in microclimates. In San Diego, this is mostly because of the city's topography (the Bay, and the numerous hills, mountains, and canyons). Frequently, particularly during the "May…

Average elevation: 57 m

Average elevation: 173 m

Average elevation: 225 m

Average elevation: 228 m

The city is located on the northeastern edge of Texas Hill Country. Portions of Georgetown are located on either side of the Balcones Escarpment, a fault line in which the areas roughly east of IH-35 are flat and characterized by having black, fertile soils of the Blackland Prairie, and the west side of the…

Average elevation: 219 m