Germany topographic map

Average elevation: 45 m

Perth, the capital of Western Australia, is situated on the Swan Coastal Plain, a flat expanse of sandy soil nestled between the Indian Ocean to the west and the Darling Scarp to the east. The Darling Scarp, also known as the Darling Range, is a low escarpment that extends north–south, marking a distinct…

Average elevation: 26 m

Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaide Plains between the Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges. The city stretches 20 km (12 mi) from the coast to the foothills, and 90 km (56 mi) from Gawler at its northern extent to Sellicks Beach in the south. According to the Regional…

Average elevation: 148 m

The area chosen for the capital had been inhabited by Indigenous Australians for up to 21,000 years, with the principal group being the Ngunnawal people. European settlement commenced in the first half of the 19th century, as evidenced by surviving landmarks such as St John's Anglican Church and Blundells…

Average elevation: 638 m

The Great Dividing Range, also known as the East Australian Cordillera or the Eastern Highlands, is a cordillera system in eastern Australia consisting of an expansive collection of mountain ranges, plateaus and rolling hills, that runs roughly parallel to the east coast of Australia and forms the…

Average elevation: 117 m

Ballarat has a moderate oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb) with four distinct seasons. Its elevation, ranging between 400 and 630 metres (1,310 and 2,070 feet) above sea level, causes its mean monthly temperatures to tend to be on average 3 to 5 °C (5 to 9 °F) below those of Melbourne,…

Average elevation: 470 m

Average elevation: 186 m

Phillip had been given no instructions for urban development, but in July 1788 submitted a plan for the new town at Sydney Cove. It included a wide central avenue, a permanent Government House, law courts, hospital and other public buildings, but no provision for warehouses, shops, or other commercial…

Average elevation: 32 m

Average elevation: 42 m

Average elevation: 42 m

The Sunshine Coast in Queensland, Australia, showcases a diverse topography that harmoniously blends coastal plains with rugged hinterlands. Along its eastern edge, the region features expansive sandy beaches and coastal dunes that transition smoothly into fertile lowlands. Inland, the terrain becomes more…

Average elevation: 109 m

Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can include hail, squalls, and significant drops in temperature, but they often pass through very quickly with a rapid…

Average elevation: 49 m

The city occupies the edge of the range and the low ridges behind it. Two valleys run north from the southern boundary, each arising from springs either side of Middle Ridge near Spring Street at an altitude of around 680 m. These waterways, East Creek and West Creek, flow together just north of the CBD to…

Average elevation: 458 m

Average elevation: 577 m

Average elevation: 1,008 m

Average elevation: 7 m

Average elevation: 18 m

Owing to its elevation, Stanthorpe features a subtropical highland climate. At an altitude of 811 metres (2,661 ft), Stanthorpe holds the record for the lowest temperature recorded in Queensland at −10.6 °C (12.9 °F) on 23 June 1961. Sleet and light snowfalls are occasionally recorded, with the most…

Average elevation: 840 m

Average elevation: 36 m

Average elevation: 598 m

Average elevation: 6 m

Average elevation: 33 m

Average elevation: 712 m

Average elevation: 73 m

Average elevation: 486 m

Average elevation: 986 m

Average elevation: 246 m

Average elevation: 596 m

Average elevation: 559 m

Average elevation: 30 m

Launceston is at 41°26′31″S 147°8′42″E / 41.44194°S 147.14500°E / -41.44194; 147.14500 in the Tamar Valley, Northern Tasmania. The valley was formed by volcanic and glacial forces over 10 million years ago. The city is about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of the Bass Strait, with its closest…

Average elevation: 218 m

South of Smithfield and inland from the Northern Beaches along the edge of the Barron River flood plain are the suburbs of Caravonica, Kamerunga, Freshwater, and Stratford. This area is sometimes referred to as Freshwater Valley, though it is actually the lower part of Redlynch Valley; further up the valley…

Average elevation: 176 m

Average elevation: 48 m

Average elevation: 723 m

Average elevation: 983 m

Average elevation: 808 m

Average elevation: 115 m

Average elevation: 8 m

Caloundra, located on Queensland's Sunshine Coast, features a diverse coastal topography characterized by sandy beaches, rocky headlands, and nearby elevated terrains. The suburb of Kings Beach exemplifies this diversity, with its sandy shoreline to the south and southeast, and a rocky headland rising to about…

Average elevation: 5 m

Average elevation: 721 m

Average elevation: 9 m

Average elevation: 491 m

Average elevation: 416 m

Average elevation: 756 m

Average elevation: 760 m

Average elevation: 556 m

Average elevation: 334 m

Average elevation: 727 m

Average elevation: 465 m

Average elevation: 8 m

The Castlemaine goldfields' legendary prosperity raised expectations of Castlemaine becoming Victoria's second city. That is reflected in imposing buildings erected in the town's first few years. Though the rich alluvial diggings were largely exhausted within 15-20 years causing the town's population to shrink…

Average elevation: 331 m

Average elevation: 353 m

Average elevation: 333 m

Average elevation: 0 m

Average elevation: 580 m

Average elevation: 43 m

Average elevation: 8 m

Average elevation: 25 m

Average elevation: 1,289 m

Average elevation: 66 m

Mount Kosciuszko is the highest summit in mainland Australia. Until 1977 it was possible to drive from Charlotte Pass to within a few metres of the summit, but in 1977 the road was closed to public motor vehicle access due to environmental concerns. The road is open from Charlotte Pass for walkers and cyclists…

Average elevation: 2,035 m

Average elevation: 133 m

Average elevation: 721 m

Average elevation: 684 m

Average elevation: 360 m

Average elevation: 2 m

Average elevation: 20 m

Average elevation: 373 m

Average elevation: 463 m

Average elevation: 40 m

Average elevation: 2 m

Average elevation: 17 m

The Australian Alps are a mountain range in southeast Australia. It comprises an interim Australian bioregion, and is the highest mountain range in Australia. The range straddles the borders of eastern Victoria, southeastern New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory. It contains Australia's only…

Average elevation: 2,037 m

Average elevation: 865 m

Average elevation: 193 m

Average elevation: 468 m

Average elevation: 120 m

Average elevation: 424 m

Average elevation: 6 m

Average elevation: 68 m

Average elevation: 16 m

Average elevation: 1,144 m

Average elevation: 12 m

Average elevation: 13 m

Average elevation: 316 m

Average elevation: 43 m

Temperatures in Alice Springs vary widely, and rainfall can vary quite dramatically from year to year. In summer, the average maximum temperature is in the mid-30s, whereas in winter the average minimum temperature can be 5.5 °C (41.9 °F), with an average of 12.4 nights below freezing every year, providing…

Average elevation: 631 m

Average elevation: 52 m

Average elevation: 54 m

Average elevation: 73 m

Average elevation: 34 m

Average elevation: 138 m

Average elevation: 2 m

Average elevation: 15 m

Average elevation: 353 m

Average elevation: 285 m

Average elevation: 281 m

Average elevation: 1,005 m

Average elevation: 5 m

The highest mountain in the range is Mount Budawang that has an elevation of 1,129 metres (3,704 ft) above sea level.

Average elevation: 484 m